General Information

  • ID:  hor003261
  • Uniprot ID:  P01211
  • Protein name:  Enkelytin
  • Gene name:  PENK
  • Organism:  Bos taurus (Bovine)
  • Family:  Opioid neuropeptide precursor family
  • Source:  Animal
  • Expression:  Secreted by neuroendocrine chromaffin cells through cromaffin granules.
  • Disease:  NA
  • Comments:  NA
  • Taxonomy:  Bos (genus), Bovinae (subfamily), Bovidae (family), Pecora (infraorder), Ruminantia (suborder), Artiodactyla (order), Laurasiatheria (superorder), Boreoeutheria, Eutheria, Theria, Mammalia (class), Amniota, Tetrapoda, Dipnotetrapodomorpha, Sarcopterygii (superclass), Euteleostomi, Teleostomi, Gnathostomata, Vertebrata, Craniata (subphylum), Chordata (phylum), Deuterostomia, Bilateria, Eumetazoa, Metazoa (kingdom), Opisthokonta, Eukaryota (superkingdom), cellular organisms
  • GO MF:  GO:0001515 opioid peptide activity; GO:0031628 opioid receptor binding; GO:0048018 receptor ligand activity
  • GO BP:  GO:0001662 behavioral fear response; GO:0001964 startle response; GO:0002118 aggressive behavior; GO:0007218 neuropeptide signaling pathway; GO:0007268 chemical synaptic transmission; GO:0007600 sensory perception; GO:0007626 locomotory behavior; GO:0009617 response to bacterium; GO:0019226 transmission of nerve impulse; GO:0019233 sensory perception of pain; GO:0038003 G protein-coupled opioid receptor signaling pathway; GO:0042742 defense response to bacterium
  • GO CC:  GO:0005576 extracellular region; GO:0005886 plasma membrane; GO:0030425 dendrite; GO:0031410 cytoplasmic vesicle; GO:0034466 chromaffin granule lumen; GO:0043025 neuronal cell body; GO:0043679 axon terminus

Sequence Information

  • Sequence:  FAEPLPSEEEGESYSKEVPEMEKRYGGFM
  • Length:  29(233-261)
  • Propeptide:  MARFLGLCTWLLALGPGLLATVRAECSQDCATCSYRLARPTDLNPLACTLECEGKLPSLKTWETCKELLQLTKLELPPDATSALSKQEESHLLAKKYGGFMKRYGGFMKKMDELYPLEVEEEANGGEVLGKRYGGFMKKDAEEDDGLGNSSNLLKELLGAGDQREGSLHQEGSDAEDVSKRYGGFMRGLKRSPHLEDETKELQKRYGGFMRRVGRPEWWMDYQKRYGGFLKRFAEPLPSEEEGESYSKEVPEMEK
  • Signal peptide:  MARFLGLCTWLLALGPGLLATVRA
  • Modification:  T15 Phosphoserine
  • Glycosylation:  NA
  • Mutagenesis:  NA

Activity

  • Function:  Possess antibacterial activity.
  • Mechanism:  NA
  • Cross BBB:  NA
  • Target:  OPRL1
  • Target Unid:   A0A3Q1LTY9
  • IC50:  NA
  • EC50:  NA
  • ED50:  NA
  • Kd:  NA
  • Half life:  NA

Structure

  • Disulfide bond:  NA
  • Structure ID:  AF-P01211-F1(AlphaFold_DB_ID)

  • Structure: (PDB_ID-from https://www.rcsb.org/; AlphaFold_DB_ID-from https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/; hordbxxxxxx_AF2.pdb was predicted structure by AlphaFold2; hordbxxxxxx_ESM.pdb was predicted structure by ESMFold)
    •    hor003261_AF2.pdbhor003261_ESM.pdb

Physical Information

Mass: 385324 Formula: C148H218N34O51S2
Absent amino acids: CDHINQTW Common amino acids: E
pI: 3.95 Basic residues: 3
Polar residues: 8 Hydrophobic residues: 5
Hydrophobicity: -110.69 Boman Index: -6673
Half-Life / Aliphatic Index: 1.1 hour Aliphatic Index: 26.9
Instability Index: 8534.83 Extinction Coefficient cystines: 2980
Absorbance 280nm: 106.43

Literature

  • PubMed ID:  8654396
  • Title:  The C-terminal bisphosphorylated proenkephalin-A-(209-237)-peptide from adrenal medullary chromaffin granules possesses antibacterial activity.